Chemical storage
tanks are containers designed for the storage and distribution of chemicals.
These tanks are specially designed to ensure the chemicals stored inside remain
safe from external factors that could affect their quality.
Chemical storage
tanks are often used to store LPG, petroleum products, and other chemicals.
They are also used to store latex polymers, acids, lubricants, coatings, hot
water, and food preservatives.
Types of
Chemical Storage Tanks
Chemical storage
tanks are distinguished by their materials. The types are as follows:
1. Fiberglass
Tanks
Fiberglass
(fiberglass-reinforced plastic/FRP) tanks are made of composite reinforced with
glass fibers, making them corrosion-resistant. The advantages of these tanks
are their lightness and strength.
This type of tank
is typically used to store aggressive chemicals and requires resistance to
corrosive environments and extreme temperatures.
Although strong,
lightweight, and corrosion-resistant, these tanks require intensive maintenance
as they remain susceptible to corrosion over time. FRP tanks generally have
higher operating costs than other tanks.
2. Nickel
Alloy Steel Tanks
Nickel alloy
steel tanks are among the best-selling chemical storage tanks due to their
strength and corrosion resistance. These tanks offer high performance, are easy
to transport, are durable, and can store a wide variety of chemicals.
3. Stainless
Steel Tanks
Stainless steel
tanks are known for their resistance to rust and corrosion, as well as their
ability to withstand high temperatures. These tanks are equipped with a mixture
of iron, chromium, and other components that form a thin layer on the tank's
surface. This layer protects the tank from corrosion.
Stainless steel
tanks are also a suitable choice for chemical storage because they can
withstand high pressures and volumes. These tanks are suitable for storing
acids, bases, and solvents.
4.
Polyethylene Tanks
Polyethylene (PE)
is a material often used to make chemical storage tanks due to its durability,
strength, and chemical resistance.
PE is also
corrosion-resistant, making it suitable for storing aggressive chemicals,
acids, solvents, and bases. PE tanks commonly available on the market include
HDPE, cross-linked polyethylene, and LLDPE. LLDPE tanks are generally more
affordable, but not as strong as other PE tanks.
5.
Polypropylene Tanks
Polypropylene
(PP) tanks are also a common material for chemical storage tanks. This
thermoplastic polymer is also resistant to a number of chemicals.
PP tanks are
suitable for storing chemicals that require high temperatures, such as steam
and hot water, as they can withstand temperatures up to 160 degrees Celsius.
6. Carbon Steel Tanks
Carbon steel tanks are made from a mixture of iron and
carbon, making them strong and able to withstand high temperatures. Carbon
steel tanks are considered more affordable than stainless steel.
However, these tanks also have several drawbacks, such as
being more susceptible to corrosion, requiring intensive maintenance. While not
ideal for storing corrosive chemicals, they are ideal for transporting
flammable chemicals, such as fuel and oil.
Besides being classified based on material, chemical storage
tanks also come in various orientations, such as vertical, horizontal, and
rectangular.
Vertical tanks are suitable for storing bulk chemicals in
small areas. Meanwhile, if the tank is for a small area and can be easily
transported, you can choose a horizontal tank.
Furthermore, for a more compact appearance and to maximize
space utilization, you can choose a rectangular tank.
Tips for Choosing a Chemical Storage Tank
Choosing a storage tank is not something to be taken
lightly, as mishandling can lead to dangerous consequences, such as
environmental pollution and poisoning. Here are some tips to follow:
1. Understand Applicable Standards and Regulations
The most important tip is to understand the applicable
standards and regulations. This includes the location of the tank, its
structure, and how to handle leaks or accidents.
Furthermore, the tank should be placed on a concrete or
steel embankment for added safety, good ventilation, and a suitable area for
maintenance.
2. Determine the Type of Chemical
Each chemical has its own characteristics, such as being
highly acidic, flammable, or corrosive. Some chemicals also require storage at
specific temperatures. Based on these characteristics, you can choose the right
tank for your needs.
3. Check Tank Capacity
After determining a suitable tank for the chemicals to be
stored, you need to determine its capacity to prevent leaks or overflows due to
overloading. Also, ensure the tank's capacity and material comply with chemical
storage SOPs.
4. Check Tank Certification
The tank you use must meet safety standards and
certifications appropriate for the chemicals to be transported. For example, if
the chemical is flammable, you can choose a tank with American Petroleum
Institute (API) standards.